Aloe is a new type of health food, which contains many effective ingredients, mainly including:

　　Phenolic compound

　　1. Chromone components: The basic structure of this type of compound is the benzogamma-pyrone core, which is formed by connecting different groups at different positions of the core or combining with low molecular sugars such as glucose and sugar derivatives. Glycoside compounds. At present, more than 30 kinds of chromone components have been isolated from aloe, mainly including aloe chromoside, aloe chromoside a, b, c, d, e, f, and isoaloe chromoside a, b, etc. Such compounds are aloe vera The main active ingredient that produces antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.

　　2 anthraquinone components: anthraquinones are the main components in aloe leaf juice, accounting for about 9%-30% of the dry matter of the leaf juice. Most of these compounds are acidic, soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is pale yellow to yellow, and produces fluorescence, and is orange-yellow under alkaline conditions. More than 30 such compounds have been isolated from aloe plants. They mainly include aloe-emodin, aloin a, b, chrysophanol and its glycosides, anthraphenol, tetrahydroanthracene glucoside and anthraquinone dimers. Such compounds are the effective ingredients of aloe vera to produce diarrhea, antiviral and antimutagenic effects.

　　3 Naphthone components: A variety of naphthone and tetralinone compounds have been isolated from plants of the genus Aloe, mainly including aloin, isoaloesin, isoleurol and its glucoside.

　　4 Flavonoids: Aloe plants also contain flavonoids such as quercetin, camphenol and rutin. Scientists have studied 380 kinds of aloes and found that 31 of them contain flavonoids and flavonoids. In addition, aloe also contains phenolic compounds such as Aloe Ning and Aloe Ning b.

　　Terpenoids and steroids

　　Some scientific research departments used solvent polarity from small to large gradient to separate 12 kinds of triterpenoids and steroids from aloe. They are β-sitosterol, cholesterol, lupinol, campoleol, saponins and carotinosides.

　　Carbohydrates

　　Sugar is the main component of aloe vera leaf gel material except water. Most of it is composed of a mixture of monosaccharides and polysaccharides. About half of the dry solids of aloe vera gel are sugar components. Fresh aloe vera gel contains about 0.27%-0.5% polysaccharides. The polysaccharide content in the dried aloe vera juice is 18%-30%.

　　Aloe monosaccharides are mainly glucose and mannose. Other monosaccharides include arabinose, rhamnose, fructose, xylose, galactose, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid, etc., as well as amino sugars such as galactosamine and glucosamine class. Polysaccharides are mainly polymers formed by the condensation of glucose and mannose with 1,4-glycosidic bonds, such as mucopolysaccharides, mannans, and pectins. In addition, aloe polysaccharides also include cellulose and lignin.

　　Organic acid compounds

　　Aloe vera leaves are rich in organic acids, which mainly include saturated monobasic fatty acids such as acetic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, and octadecanoic acid (stearic acid); nonene Diacid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid and other unsaturated fatty acids; lactic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid and other saturated hydroxyl or polybasic fatty acids; and p-coumaric acid, cinnamon Aromatic acids such as acid and myristic acid.

　　Amino acids, peptides and protein compounds

　　Aloe vera leaves contain eleven free amino acids, including eight essential amino acids for the human body. It mainly includes arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, lysine, alanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, methionine, leucine, phenylalanine and threonine. The total amount of protein in aloe vera accounts for about 9% of its total solids. Aloe protein mostly exists in the form of glycoprotein and enzyme. The discovered aloe proteases mainly include amylase, cellulase, lipase, catalase, lactate dehydrogenase and so on.

　　Alkaloids

　　Research reports on the components of aloe alkaloids are still rare. At present, it has only been proved that aloe contains several alkaloids such as celerythrine, celerythrine and celerythionine.

　　Fragrance compound

　　After extraction by vacuum steam distillation, separation and purification of dichloromethane, analysis and identification by gas phase and GC-MS chromatographic methods proved that there are 123 kinds of low molecular volatile fragrance components in aloe. Among them, 42 kinds of alcohol compounds, 23 kinds of terpenes, 21 kinds of aldehydes, 9 kinds of esters, 8 kinds of ketones, 6 kinds of acids, 5 kinds of phenols, and 9 kinds of vegetable oils. These low molecular weight compounds have different degrees The aromatic smell.

　　Other ingredients

　　In addition, aloe vera also contains 18 trace elements such as sodium, potassium, calcium, aluminum, iron, zinc, magnesium, chromium and organic germanium, as well as dozens of vitamins such as vitamins a, b, c, e, niacin, and folic acid. .

　　Special functions of aloe

　　Aloe contains a variety of active ingredients, which produces a series of special functions.

　　Anti-aging function

　　Aloe vera is a natural anti-aging agent. The active ingredients such as superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase, vitamin a, e and cysteine ​​in aloe can effectively promote the oxidation and degradation of superoxide free radicals in the body , Closed or does not produce oxygen, quickly remove free radicals. And can significantly reduce the free rate of phosphotriol in the body, and have a significant inhibitory effect on the increase of lipid peroxides in the liver and serum caused by endotoxins, resulting in physical fitness and anti-aging functions.

　　Anti-aging function of skin and hair

　　Aloe vera is rich in water-soluble components such as polysaccharides, amino acids, peptides, organic acids and vitamins, which can significantly enhance the water absorption performance of skin keratinized tissues. It is a natural moisturizer and nutrient for skin and human hair. It has skin care, beauty, and hair care. Features. They can replenish the water and nutrients lost in the skin, promote the recovery of collagen function, prevent the formation of skin wrinkles, eliminate rough skin, whiten the skin, remove skin and scalp sweat, sebum and dandruff, sterilize and relieve itching. It can also prevent hair from drying out, hair loss, whitening and promote hair growth. As a result, the skin and hair remain soft and smooth, elastic and shiny, and delay the aging of the skin and hair.

　　Anti-cardiovascular disease function

　　Aloe vera has the functions of soothing the liver and clearing heat, promoting blood circulation and promoting blood circulation and metabolism, softening blood vessels and restoring blood vessel elasticity, expanding capillaries, accelerating the removal of contaminants in blood vessels, lowering cholesterol, lowering blood lipids, strengthening heart and anti-atherosclerosis And a series of health care functions. It has certain effects on preventing cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral embolism and obesity.

　　Anti-cancer function

　　Aloe contains a variety of anti-cancer active ingredients. Aloe polysaccharides, aloin, hexosamine, acetylated mannose and other ingredients are an immunomodulator, which can stimulate the activity of the animal immune system and significantly promote the growth of mouse spleen and thymus , It improves the phagocytic ability of mouse phagocytes, and exerts immune regulation through a variety of potentials, thereby producing anti-cancer effects. Aloe-emodin has a strong killing effect on tumor cells. When its concentration is 5μgml, its killing effects on l929, gm803, meth a and y99 tumor cells are 82.37%, 74.33%, 58.64% and 79.42%, respectively. Aloe methanol extract has selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells, and has a significant synergistic effect on anti-cancer drugs such as mitomycin and 5-fluorouracil. In addition, certain ingredients in aloe can also improve the autoimmunity of AIDS patients, block the spread of HIV, and basically have no toxic side effects.

　　Anti-other diseases function

　　Aloin is an immunosuppressive agent that can be used to treat certain autoimmune diseases, such as stage i diabetes, rheumatoid, arthritis, etc.; Aloe can promote wound healing in the body and shorten the scarring time. The mechanism is that aloe can promote the biosynthesis of collagen and its degradation products at the wound, enhance the cross-linking between collagen, increase its tensile strength, clean the wound, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory, and promote epithelial cells in wound tissue The growth and formation of granulation tissue, thereby accelerating wound healing. Therefore, aloe vera can be widely used in burns, scalds, frostbite, chapped and other wounds, skin grafts and other surgical wounds, and even the healing treatment of skin damage and burning pain caused by clinical radiotherapy. The effect is ideal; aloe arbutin has anti-inflammatory and heat-clearing effects It is particularly effective for sore throat, cough with phlegm, bronchitis, etc. caused by colds; Aloe can promote cell metabolism, promote blood flow, stabilize mood, calm nerves, and can be used for analgesia, prevent motion sickness, seasickness and insomnia. In addition, aloe vera can also be used to stop bleeding, detoxify and protect the liver, invigorate the spleen and stomach, prevent constipation, hangover and sober, eliminate chancre and kill insects.

　　Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory function

　　Aloe vera water extract (50% concentration) can inhibit or kill skin fungi such as epidermophyton inguinale, rubrum rubrum, and Nocardia stellaria to varying degrees in the test tube, and can be used to treat psoriasis, athlete's foot and other skin disease. The ethanol extract of aloe also has an inhibitory effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro. Chinese aloe juice has a certain killing effect on Escherichia coli, Proteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Shigella flexneri, and its effective ingredients are aloe-emodin and a polymer glycoprotein. In addition, aloe-emodin also has an inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus, diphtheria, anthrax, paratyphoid, dysentery and certain viruses. The biggest difference between the bactericidal effect of aloe vera and ordinary antibiotics is that in addition to sterilization, aloe vera can also remove the toxic metabolites released after bacterial infections and the endotoxins left by the bacteria after the bacteria are killed, while antibacterial drugs do not. Features. Therefore, aloe can be used to reduce inflammation and swelling of soft tissue injuries, trauma inflammation, otitis media, rhinitis, cystitis and other inflammations. Aloe vera is used to treat inflammation caused by diabetes, with a total effective rate of 86.8%. Injection of aloin a (50ngkg) to rats has a significant inhibitory effect on the edema caused by carrageenan.

　　Anti-allergy function

　　Animal experiments have proved that aloe glycoprotein can inhibit the release of histamine, serotonin, bradykinin and other allergic active substances in the process of mast cell degranulation, thereby producing anti-allergic reactions; it can be used to treat skin rash, dermatitis, and urticaria , Angioedema, bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and other allergic diseases.

　　Anti-ultraviolet, x-ray radiation function

　　Aloe vera is a natural sunscreen, which has the function of anti-ultraviolet and x-ray radiation. First of all, the mucopolysaccharides, aloin and other ingredients in aloe vera gel can form an invisible film on the surface of the skin, which can effectively shield and block the ultraviolet rays of the sun. Secondly, the anthraquinone and cinnamate in aloe have a certain absorption and isolation effect on sunlight uv-b and uv-c, which can effectively prevent skin redness, burns, sunburn and skin allergies caused by sunlight. In addition, aloe can also prevent and treat damages such as leukopenia and skin ulcers caused by x-ray radiation.

　　Application of Aloe in Food Industry

　　Because aloe vera has a variety of food therapy and health care functions, it has been widely used in the food industry.

　　Direct fresh

　　This is a simple and effective way of eating, because eating aloe directly fresh can maximize the biologically active substances in aloe from being destroyed. When you first eat, you can cut off a 3-4 cm long aloe leaf in sequence, wash it with clean water, trim off the burrs and hard epidermis of the leaf edge, and eat it. After getting used to the habit for a period of time, you can eat it with the leaf skin after removing the burrs. It is advisable to consume about 15 grams of aloe leaves each time. An easier way is to squeeze the aloe vera into juice, add a little sugar and drink it directly. You can also dry the aloe vera leaves properly, crush them into aloe vera powder, and take them with boiling water. If things go on like this, the goal of physical fitness can be achieved.

　　Staple food

　　Use aloe gel or dry aloe powder as a food additive to make staple food products such as steamed bread, scones, noodles, dumplings, fried rice, pastries, bread, and biscuits. The Japanese use aloe vera gel, vitamins, citric acid, etc. to mix them in proper proportions and add them to flour to make noodles. The taste is delicious and palatable, which is very popular among consumers.

　　cold dish

　　Wash the fresh aloe leaves after removing the side thorns, blanch them in boiling water for about 3 minutes, add salt, monosodium glutamate, sesame oil and other seasonings, mix well and then eat; take out the aloe vera leaf flesh, blanch in boiling water for 3-5 minutes, let cool and cut Then mix with jellyfish shreds and chives, add salt, vinegar, sesame oil, monosodium glutamate and other condiments to make jellyfish aloe shreds with onion oil; aloe vera is mixed with tomatoes, parsley, sweet pepper, salted peanuts , Broccoli, day lily or broccoli, tofu, pork liver and other vegetable ingredients, supplemented with condiments, can be made into aloe vera cold dishes with a variety of colors and colors, which are delicious and unique in flavor.

　　Stir fry

　　After aloe vera is matched with many side dishes, it can be made into a variety of aloe dishes after being modified by knife technology and cooking with seasoning. Take 250 grams of diced chicken meat and 10 grams of aloe leaf meat. Boil the aloe leaf meat in boiling water for 3 minutes, remove and cut into cubes. Fry the diced chicken meat in hot oil first, then add the aloe vera leaf meat and stir fry, add the condiments, and serve on the pan, top with carrot slices and red cherries. Serve chicken aloe vera; shiitake mushrooms, winter bamboo shoots slices, sweet peppers, Bean sprouts and other vegetables are paired with aloe vera, stir-fried, add seasonings to serve as a first-grade vegetarian aloe vera; in addition, aloe vera can be paired with ginkgo, twice-cooked pork, perch slices, golden boy chicken, golden mushroom and other vegetables. A variety of aloe stir-fries with distinctive flavors.

　　Drink

　　After aloe is processed by a special process, it can be made into aloe drinks, aloe wine, aloe tea and other drinks.

　　New aloe drink: 150ml aloe juice, 90g white sugar, 0.3g meringue, 0.4g citric acid, 0.4g malic acid, cmc-nal.6g, agar 0.4g, indigo 0.026g, lemon yellow 0.025g, orange flavor 0.006g , Sodium benzoate 0.2g. The process is as follows: washing and squeezing the aloe, weighing the materials according to the formula, mixing and mixing, colloid mill high pressure homogenization, bottling, capping, and water bath sterilization at 90-100°C for 10, 20 and 30 minutes, respectively. A new type of aloe drink can be obtained by rapid cooling.

　　Aloe wine: The aloe leaves are peeled, broken, treated with pectinase at a specific temperature, and then fermented, filtered, blended, and packaged to produce a unique flavor of aloe wine.

　　Aloe tea: After taking 15g of fresh aloe leaves and chopped them, brew the tea with boiling water for 4-5 times. When the aloe leaves are light and tasteless, they can be replaced with new aloe leaves for drinking. The tea has a certain effect on eliminating internal heat and removing bad breath; at the same time, mature aloe leaves can also be used, washed with water, and dried at 105°C. Cut into filaments and serve as aloe tea. Store tightly closed. When drinking this tea, take 5-8g and make it ready to drink.

　　Special health products

　　Compound health drink: slice, beat, filter, and juice the aloe and cucumber that have been blanched and color-protected. Take 20ml of aloe vera juice, 90ml of cucumber juice, 20g of white sugar, add a trace amount of ethyl maltol to increase the aroma, appropriate amount of citric acid to adjust the acid, and 0.1% xanthan gum as a thickener. After mixing, blending, homogenizing, degassing and filling Pack and sterilize at 90°C for 30 minutes to obtain aloe and cucumber compound beverage. People who drink the beverage for a long time can produce moisturizing, beauty and health care effects.

　　The aloe epidermis is removed, pulped, filtered, the filtrate is allowed to stand in the container for fermentation for several days, and the supernatant is taken for later use. The garlic is cooked, mashed, and fermented to make an odorless garlic extract for later use. Take 8.75% of aloe and garlic extracts, 5% of glucose, 2.5% of sucrose, 5% of fructose and 70% of drinking water, respectively, and mix, adjust flavor, adjust acid, mix, and sterilize at 135℃ for 10 seconds. Packed with garlic and aloe health drink. The drink has the functions of invigorating the stomach, laxative, clearing fire and sterilizing.

　　Take 100g of fresh aloe vera juice, 100g of honey, and 3ml of lemon juice, mix thoroughly at 60°C, and adjust the pH to 3-4 to prepare aloe vera honey drink. Long-term drinking of this product can improve the body's immune function, and is particularly effective in preventing intestinal constipation and gastric pain.

　　Aloe vera porridge: Take 50g of fresh aloe vera, peel it and cut into small pieces, add 150g of high-quality stalk rice, add water to cook the porridge, add 2 slices of ginger and appropriate amount of sugar when the porridge is made. The porridge is especially suitable for the elderly, women and children, has the function of comprehensively regulating the functions of the gastrointestinal and digestive system, and has certain effects on clearing heat, laxative, insecticidal and women's dysmenorrhea.

　　Aloe Vera Milk Products: Take 100g of freeze-dried goat cheese, 0.5g of calcium milk, 4g of oligosaccharides, 1.5g of dna extract, 0.2g of shark fin extract, 4.5g of aloe vera juice, appropriate amount of multivitamins and soybean peptides, and then process them after mixing. A special aloe milk product is made, which has special health care effects.

　　Aloe vera medicinal wine: Take fresh aloe vera leaves, wash, cut into thin slices, and immerse in 1.2 times the amount of 50% white wine in a closed container at room temperature for 3-4 weeks before drinking, and drink 50ml each time. You can also mix 1000g aloe vera with 1800ml rice wine, soak and store in a closed container for one month before drinking, each time 50ml. This wine has special effects such as calming the mind and nerves, promoting blood circulation and relieving fatigue.

　　Ganoderma and Aloe Health Tablets: 100 parts of Ganoderma lucidum powder, mixed with 40 parts of dry aloe leaf powder, crushed, passed through a 20-mesh sieve, granulated, compressed and packaged. The tablet can protect the spleen and replenish qi, soothe the nerves, improve the body's immunity, clear away heat, detoxify and fight cancer.

　　Candy, canned food

　　Take fresh aloe vera leaves, remove the skin, cut into pieces, soak lime, soak in water to delime, ferment, blanch, pickle, boil, bake, and package to make a unique aloe vera candied fruit; take fresh aloe vera leaves 250g , Mash, strain the juice. Boil the aloe juice and 100g of maltose in a pot on a low fire for about 30 minutes, cool and shape, and cut into pieces to make aloe syrup.